Brown-Throated Sunbird

The brown-throated sunbird is native to southern China and much of Southeast Asia, including Cambodia, Vietnam, Thailand, Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia, and the Philippines. It occupies mangroves, forest edges, plantations, gardens, scrub, coastal vegetation, and secondary woodland, tolerating modified habitats where flowering plants remain plentiful. This small sunbird measures roughly 13–14 cm. Males show iridescent green and purple upperparts with a contrasting brown throat, while females are generally duller olive-yellow, producing pronounced sexual differences in appearance. (Animal Diversity Web)

Nectar is an important food, but these sunbirds also consume fruits, berries, seeds, insects, spiders, and other arthropods. Their curved bills and brush-tipped tongues aid flower feeding, while insects provide protein to growing nestlings. Pairs remain monogamous through the breeding period. The female builds a hanging, enclosed nest from plant fibres, leaves, bark, and spider silk. A typical clutch contains two eggs. Incubation lasts approximately fourteen days, and both parents subsequently participate in provisioning the young. (Animal Diversity Web)