Tundra Swan

Tundra swans breed across high northern regions of North America and Eurasia before migrating to temperate wintering areas. They inhabit tundra wetlands, lakes, marshes, estuaries, shallow coastal waters, and agricultural fields. Adults measure 1.2–1.5 metres from bill to tail, span 1.65–2.16 metres, and weigh 3.6–9.1 kilograms. Their plumage is predominantly white, contrasting with short black legs and a black bill that extends onto the forehead; some individuals have a small yellow facial patch (Animal Diversity Web).

These swans feed mainly on plants, including grasses, sedges, smartweed, seagrass, flowers, stems, roots, and tubers. They dip their heads and use their long necks to reach vegetation approximately one metre below the surface; shellfish are sometimes eaten as well. Tundra swans form lifelong monogamous pairs and raise one brood annually. Courtship partners face one another, spread and quiver their wings, call loudly, and repeatedly bow their heads. Both parents help protect and raise the young (Animal Diversity Web).